View source for Rouyn-Noranda QC †Saint George Russian Orthodox Church 1954-1982


[[File:SaintGeorgeRouynNorandaQC 2.png]]

'''Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, †Saint George Russian Orthodox Church, 1954-1982'''


Theodore may be spelt Théodore, Féodor, Fyodor, Fedor.

Oustoutchenkov may be spelt Ustutschenkow, Ustuchenkov, Ustuchenko.

Shevchenko may be spelt Shevtchenko.  


Gratitude is expressed that [https://publicorthodoxy.org/author/paul-ladouceur/ Dr. Paul Ladouceur] has founded the web-site “[https://www.pagesorthodoxes.net/  Pages Orthodoxes la Transfiguration]”, and that he has published therein many articles with regard to the life and history of the Orthodox Church in Québec, besides liturgical, theological, and other historical texts. 


==Prehistory==

([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abitibi-T%C3%A9miscamingue Abitibi-Témiscamingue] is an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algonquin_people Algonquian]  region of western [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec Québec], [https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada Canada], which adjoins a region of similar name in northeastern [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario Ontario].  This region was originally part of [https://www.britannica.com/place/New-France New France], which established [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_T%C3%A9miscamingue Fort Témiscamingue] in 1720.  This region became part of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupert%27s_Land Rupert’s Land] territory of the [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/hudsons-bay-company Hudson’s Bay Company], and remained so until 1868, when it was purchased by Canada, and became part of the [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/north-west-territories-1870-1905 North-West Territories].  It became part of [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/quebec Québec] in 1898 (since it had always been part of [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/lower-canada Lower Canada]).  It was by then that settlement had begun, along with the introduction of agriculture and of forest industries.  It was yet later that mining interests were introduced.   

'''Rouyn'''

The city of [https://www.britannica.com/place/Rouyn-Noranda Rouyn] is situated at the southwestern end of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osisko_Lake Lac Osisko] in the [https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abitibi-T%C3%A9miscamingue?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc Abititi region].  Rouyn was developed after 1917, when a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper#:~:text=Copper%20is%20a%20chemical%20element,has%20a%20pinkish%2Dorange%20color copper] deposit was discovered, and mining began.   

The city of Rouyn takes its name from the [https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/eponymous eponymous] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Township_(Canada) canton] in which it is located.  The name of "Rouyn" is intended as a tribute to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouyn-Noranda#History Sieur Jean-Baptiste de Rouyn], [https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/modern-europe/heraldry-knighthood-and-chivalry/chevalier knight], [https://nobilitytitles.net/french-nobility-titles-ranks-in-the-middle-ages/ Lord] of Saint-Maurice, in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorraine Lorraine], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France France], infantry captain and member of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/54th_Infantry_Regiment_(France)#History Régiment Royal Roussillon] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis-Joseph_de_Montcalm General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm] in 1759.  Seriously injured during the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sainte-Foy Battle of Sainte-Foy] in 1760, he received the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Louis Cross of Saint-Louis].   Then, he returned to France, where he died subsequently.

Nearby [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noranda_(mining_company) Noranda] (named by a contraction of "north" and "Canada") developed around another mine and a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundry foundry].  Both cities were merged in 1986.  By that time, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis-Joseph_de_Montcalm Rouyn-Noranda] had become the regional capital ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abitibi-T%C3%A9miscamingue Abitibi-Témiscamingue]), the site of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec_en_Abitibi-T%C3%A9miscamingue university], and the seat of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Rouyn-Noranda Roman Catholic bishop and diocese].  

'''Immigration'''

As was the case in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val-d%27Or Val-d’Or], a group of [https://www.britannica.com/place/Russia Russians] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language Russian-speakers] arrived in Rouyn.  These persons were from the “[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_diaspora second wave]” of immigration, which followed the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution 1917 Bolshevik Revolution] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Empire Russia]. 

'''Father Oleg Boldireff and missionary development'''

Soon after this time, [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Mitred_Archpriest_Oleg_and_Matushka_Natalia_Boldireff Archpriest Oleg Boldireff] arrived in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal Montréal], Québec, from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris Paris], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France France].  An experienced parish priest who had done a considerable amount of work caring for refugees in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Displaced_persons_camps_in_post%E2%80%93World_War_II_Europe displaced persons’ camps] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe Europe], he was aware of their plight, and he was ready to meet their needs as they also began to emigrate to Canada.  This constituted the [https://opentextbc.ca/postconfederation/chapter/5-11-post-war-immigration/ “third wave” of immigration to Canada] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language Russian]- and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_language Ukrainian]-speakers.  

Besides his duties at [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Montr%C3%A9al_QC_Saints_Peter_and_Paul_Russian_Orthodox_Sobor_1907 Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral in Montréal], Father Oleg helped with the establishment of many parish communities in order to accommodate the many [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language Russian-speakers] who were arriving.  In his capacity of [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Dean Dean] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec Québec] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario Ontario], he did this with the blessing of the bishop.  

First, there was [https://www.archdiocese.ca/community/holy-trinity-orthodox-church-quebec-qc Holy Trinity Church] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec_City Québec City] (1950) ; then there came the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abitibi-T%C3%A9miscamingue Abitibi] region Temples (1954) : [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Val-d’Or_QC_†Saint_Nicholas_Russian_Orthodox_Church_1953-1982 Saint Nicholas' Church] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val-d%27Or Val-d’Or] (1954), followed almost simultaneously by Saint George's Church in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouyn-Noranda Rouyn], Québec, Holy Transfiguration Church in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirkland_Lake Kirkland Lake], Ontario, and Saints Peter and Paul's Church in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGarry,_Ontario Kearns], Ontario (all in about1954).  One year later (1955), he helped to establish [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Ottawa_ON_†Saint_Nicholas_Russian_Orthodox_Church_1955-1987 Saint Nicholas Church] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa Ottawa], Ontario ; and then the following year (1956), he established the [https://www.archdiocese.ca/community/st-seraphim-sarov-church-rawdon-qc community of Saint Seraphim of Sarov] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rawdon,_Quebec Rawdon], Québec.  It seems that it was also through his personal contacts (and the blessing of [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archbishop_Nikon_(de_Gr%C3%A8ve) the bishop]) that he was able to bring to Canada various clergy to care for these communities.   

'''Theodore Koulomzine'''

It is quite evident that [https://www.geni.com/people/Theodore-Yakovlevich-Koulomzine/6000000027451061493 Dr. Theodore Koulomzine] was instrumental in the development not only of this parish, but also of the other 3 in the Abitibi region.  This assertion is supported by the fact that his post-office box was the first mailing address ; that the Temple of Saint Nicholas was built next to his home, and that when he moved to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal Montréal], [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archpriest_David_Shevchenko Archpriest David Shevchenko] lived in that house.  It is probable that Theodore Koulomzine was involved in the architectural designing of this Temple.  The other Temples (erected in Rouyn, Kirkland Lake, and Kearns) resembled the Temple in Val-d’Or in essence, although they had extensions on the west end which allowed for a larger narthex/vestibule, above which was a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfry_(architecture) belfry]. 

[https://www.geni.com/people/Theodore-Yakovlevich-Koulomzine/6000000027451061493 Theodore Iakovlevich Koulomzine] was brother to [https://www.geni.com/people/Nikita-Koulomzin/6000000023312162492 Nikita], [https://www.geni.com/people/%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2-%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87-%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD/6000000023311983553 Yaroslav], [https://www.geni.com/people/Ekaterina-Kulomzin/6000000023312148418 Ekaterina], [https://www.geni.com/people/Ekaterina-Kulomzin/6000000199321370822 Ekaterina], [https://www.geni.com/people/Elizaveta-Yakovlevna-Rehbinder/6000000022929504897 Elizaveta], and [https://www.geni.com/people/Serafima-Kulomzin/6000000023312019247 Seraphima] Koulomzine.  This family had originated in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_Governorate Kostroma Governorate] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Empire Russian Empire], and they were active in [https://www.britannica.com/place/St-Petersburg-Russia Saint Petersburg].  They had become refugees after the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution 1917 Bolshevik Revolution].

==Establishment of the parish, 1954==

The development of the parish of Saint George in Rouyn was directly related to the development of the parish of [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Val-d%E2%80%99Or_QC_%E2%80%A0Saint_Nicholas_Russian_Orthodox_Church_1953-1982 Saint Nicholas in Val-d’Or].  Between Father Oleg Boldireff and Theodore Koulomzine, the plans were developing towards the establishment of the missions in Rouyn, Kirkland Lake, and Kearns.  

'''Archpriest Theodore (Fyodor) Oustoutchenkov'''

In 1954, [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archpriest_Theodore_Oustoutchenkov Father Theodore Oustoutchenkov] had arrived in Canada from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Displaced_persons_camps_in_post%E2%80%93World_War_II_Europe displaced person camps] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe Europe], and he had been assigned to serve in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abitibi-T%C3%A9miscamingue Abitibi] by [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archbishop_Nikon_(de_Gr%C3%A8ve) Bishop Nikon (de Grève)] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto Toronto] and Canada.  

Father Oustoutchenkov supervised the erection of this small Russian Orthodox church designed along the lines of traditional architectural principles with two superimposed [https://www.britannica.com/technology/cupola cupolas]. 

The building plans were designed by [https://www.csegrecorder.com/articles/view/mining-exploration-geophysics-in-quebec-over-50-years-of-innovation Théodore I Koulomzine] engineer-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologist geologist] of Val-d’Or.  The essential space of this Temple (as with the ones in Kirkland Lake and in Kearns) was similar to that in Val-d’Or ; but whereas the Temple of Saint Nicholas in Val-d’Or had a simple entry, those of Rouyn and Kirkland Lake each had an extended entrance which provided a vestibule, over which there was a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfry_(architecture)#:~:text=The%20belfry%20is%20a%20structure,Belfry belfry].  Each of them was unique.  The Temple of Saint George in Rouyn is the largest of the 4.  It is situated atop a rocky hill, and it has a basement beneath it as well.  


[[File:SaintGeorgeRouynSketch 1.gif]]  '''Sketch of the Temple'''


As it was in the other parishes, the construction work was directed by [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archpriest_Theodore_Oustoutchenkov Archpriest Theodore (Fyodor) Oustoutchenkov].  

The construction of Saint George Russian Orthodox Church started in 1955 after the appointment of Father Theodore (Fyodor). Several fund-raising campaigns were launched to raise financial support for the construction of the Temple, which ended in 1957.  


[[File:SaintGeorgeRouynUnderConstruction 1.jpg]]  '''The Temple under construction'''


Besides the construction, Father Theodore was responsible for making the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Iconostasis iconostas].  He had already done this in Val-d’Or, and he did so now in Rouyn, Kirkland Lake, and Kearns.   He made and decorated this iconostas with his own hands and hand-tools.   

An iconostas is a large screen with 3 doors, separating the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Altar Altar] from the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Nave nave], which is covered with [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Iconography icons], and behind which the priest leads the services during religious ceremonies.  


[[File:Eglise-orthodoxe-russe-saint-georges-de-rouyn-04 2.jpg]]  '''Iconostas'''


An interpretation centre devoted to the immigrants has been created in the basement and it is rich in picturesque details about this community by way of videos and explanatory panels.

==Bereavement, 1957==

In 1957, Father Theodore Oustoutchenkov fell asleep in the Lord unexpectedly.  

The [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/res/reading/funeral/Funeral_Bishop_or_Priest.pdf Funeral Service for the Burial of a Priest] was led by [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Mitred_Archpriest_Oleg_and_Matushka_Natalia_Boldireff Archpriest Oleg Boldireff] at [https://grandquebec.com/abitibi-temiscamingue/eglise-russe/ Saint Nicholas Church], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val-d%27Or Val d’Or].  

After the conclusion of the funeral obsequies, the body of Archpriest Theodore Oustoutchenkov was interred at the [https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2473749/cimeti%C3%A8re-golden-valley-de-val-d'or  “Golden Valley” Cemetery] at Val-d’Or.

==Archpriest David Shevchenko, 1957==

In 1957, [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archpriest_David_Shevchenko Archpriest David Shevchenko] was assigned to serve the Orthodox Christian communities of Val d’Or, Rouyn, Kirkland Lake and Kearns/McGarry.  He did so from Val-d'Or by bus.  

Scholar, specialist in Russian military and political history, writer of personal memoirs for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_University Columbia University] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City  New York], David Shevchenko was ordained a priest at the age of 54.  Significantly, he concluded each [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Divine_Liturgy Divine Liturgy] with a prayer for the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_II tsar].

==Twentieth anniversary, 1974==

On the 20th anniversary of the construction of the Temple, there were about 15 people attending the commemorative Divine Liturgy.  

By this time, many original parishioners had retired to other places, and the youth had moved elsewhere for better educational and vocational opportunities, as enabled by their parents.


[[File:Interior-St-Georges 2.jpg]]  [[File:St-Georges-CupolaAndChandelier 2.jpg]] 

'''Temple interior''' (left)''' ; Cupola with the chandelier''' (right)

==Bereavement, 1982==

On 16 April, 1982, Archpriest David Shevchenko fell asleep in the Lord in Val-d’Or, Québec, at the age of 90. 

The [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/res/reading/funeral/Funeral_Bishop_or_Priest.pdf Funeral Services for the Burial of a Priest] were offered in the Temple of Saint Nicholas at Val-d’Or.

It was reported that, following the funeral obsequies in Val-d’Or, the body of Archpriest David Shevchenko was transported to a cemetery in Toronto, Ontario, for interment.  

Father David Shevchenko had served this community faithfully and diligently for 25 years, as he did also the other 3 communities in the Abitibi region. 

Because of the small number of Faithful who now remained in the Abitibi region, no priest was assigned to replace Father David.  Therefore, all 4 parishes (which were in a similar condition by then) were affected. 


[[File:Eglise-orthodoxe-russe-saint-georges-de-rouyn-01 2.jpg]]

==Particular parish information==

This parish was a part of the [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Category:Quebec Québec Deanery] of the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Archdiocese_of_Canada Archdiocese of Canada], in [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Orthodox_Church_in_America The Orthodox Church in America] (OCA). The bishop is [https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archbishop_Ir%C3%A9n%C3%A9e_(Rochon) Archbishop Irénée (Rochon)].

This parish followed the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Julian_Calendar Old (Julian) Calendar]. 

The Altar Feast-day of the parish was the Feast of [https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2018/04/23/101184-greatmartyr-victory-bearer-and-wonderworker-george Saint George the Victorious], 23 April (6 May).  


Address  :

Saint George Russian Orthodox Church

201, rue Taschereau Ouest

Rouyn-Noranda (Québec)

J9X 2V6


Directions : 

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouyn-Noranda Rouyn-Noranda] is situated about 630 km northeast of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal Montréal], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec Québec].  The driving time is about 7 hours.  

Rouyn-Noranda is accessible by air at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouyn-Noranda_Airport Rouyn-Noranda Aeroport] from Montréal, Québec.  The flight time is about 1 hour and 20 minutes.  

By car :

From Montréal, Québec :  

Drive northwards on either [https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boulevard_D%C3%A9carie?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc Decarie Boulevard] or [https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boulevard_de_l'Acadie?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc Boulevard de l'Acadie], and follow the signs to Route Transcanadienne/[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec_Autoroute_15 Autoroute 15] North.  Follow Autoroute #15 northwards.  After [https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc Saint-Agathe-des-Monts], the name of the road changes to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec_Route_117 Highway #117].  Continue on this highway.  Pass through the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_V%C3%A9rendrye_Wildlife_Reserve La Vérendrye Wildlife Reserve], and then through Val-d'Or.  Do not deviate from Highway #117.  Continue driving for another hour or so.   When the highway passes to the south of [https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lac_Rouyn?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc Lac Rouyn], it arrives at a round-about, where Highway #117 turns to the north (and circles north and westwards around the city).  Instead, follow the round-about until the second exit, which takes one effectively straight on, now onto [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Av.+Larivi%C3%A8re+%26+Rte+Mc+Watters,+Rouyn-Noranda,+QC+J9Y+0J5/@48.2291232,-78.9801126,10z/data=!4m6!3m5!1s0x4d20d422c6c95ed3:0xcb5a8e30b24606cd!8m2!3d48.2291232!4d-78.6530977!16s%2Fg%2F11hb4nzfdw?entry=ttu Avenue La Riviere/Route McWatters].  Follow Roue McWatters until the intersection with [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Rue+Mgr+Latulipe+O,+Rouyn-Noranda,+QC/@48.235301,-79.0261107,16z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x4d21339d77053c7f:0x2fafa617c1185ea1!8m2!3d48.235301!4d-79.0261107!16s%2Fg%2F1tg9ms40?entry=ttu Rue Monseigneur Latulipe] Est.  Turn left (west) onto Rue Monseigneur Latulipe Est.  At the junction with [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Av.+Dallaire,+Rouyn-Noranda,+QC/@48.2350643,-79.0226248,16z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x4d21339d7a4c5383:0x6b120f822d528751!8m2!3d48.2350643!4d-79.0226248!16s%2Fg%2F1v7py31w?entry=ttu Avenue Dallaire], turn right (north) onto Avenue Dallaire.  After 2 blocks, at the intersection with Rue Taschereau Est, turn left (west) onto [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Rue+Taschereau+E,+Rouyn-Noranda,+QC/@48.2374738,-79.0097432,16z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x4d2133a158e0c61d:0x264db5de77306a83!8m2!3d48.2374738!4d-79.0097432!16s%2Fg%2F1v_s5j3q?entry=ttu Rue Taschereau] Est.  The Temple is on the left.  


[[File:Gabriel-Gingras-Lacroix-SaintGeorgeRouyn 2.jpg]]

==References==

Ladouceur, Dr. Paul, « [https://pagesorthodoxes.net/les-communaut%C3%A9s-orthodoxes-de-l%E2%80%99abitibi-et-de-rawdon-qu%C3%A9bec Pages orthodoxes la Transfiguration : Les communautés orthodoxes de l’Abitibi et de Rawdon (Québec)] » (“[https://www-pagesorthodoxes-net.translate.goog/les-communaut%C3%A9s-orthodoxes-de-l%E2%80%99abitibi-et-de-rawdon-qu%C3%A9bec?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Orthodox Pages and Resources : The Orthodox Communities of Abitibi and Rawdon (Québec) (English translation)]”.   

Canadian Orthodox Calendar 1954 (Toronto : Diocesan Council of the Russian Greek-Orthodox Church in Canada, 1954), p. 29.

Canadian Orthodox Calendar 1968 (Toronto : Diocesan Council of the Russian Greek-Orthodox Church in Canada, 1968), pp. 36, 42. 

Canadian Orthodox Calendar 1971 (Toronto : Diocesan Council of the Russian Greek-Orthodox Church in Canada, 1971), pp. 41, 43.


'''Additional information :'''

[https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89glise_Saint-Georges_de_Rouyn-Noranda?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp  Wikipedia article about Saint George’s Church, Rouyn-Noranda]    

[https://www.archdiocese.ca Archdiocese of Canada (OCA) web-site]   

[https://www.archdiocese.ca/communities?field_deanery_tid_i18n=2&field_community_type_value_i18n=All&title= Archdiocese Deanery of Québec & the Atlantic Provinces]   

[https://orthodoxwiki.org/Archdiocese_of_Canada Orthodoxwiki article about the Archdiocese of Canada]   

[https://orthodoxwiki.org/Orthodox_Church_in_America Orthodoxwiki article about The Orthodox Church in America (OCA)]   

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Metropolitan_Leonty_(Turkevich) Metropolitan Leonty (Turkevich)]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Metropolitan_Ireney_(Bekish) Metropolitan Ireney (Bekish)]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Metropolitan_Theodosius_(Lazor) Metropolitan Theodosius (Lazor)]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archbishop_Nikon_(de_Gr%C3%A8ve) Archbishop Nikon (de Grève)]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Bishop_Anatoly_(Apostolov) Bishop Anatoly (Apostolov)]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archbishop_Sylvester_(Haruns) Archbishop Sylvester (Haruns)]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Mitred_Archpriest_Oleg_and_Matushka_Natalia_Boldireff Archpriest Oleg Boldireff]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archpriest_Theodore_Oustoutchenkov Archpriest Theodore Oustoutchenkov]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archpriest_David_Shevchenko Archpriest David Shevchenko]  

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archpriest_John_and_Mary_Tkachuk Archpriest John Tkachuk] 

Archimandrite Georges (Leroy) 

[https://www.pagesorthodoxes.net/les-communaut%C3%A9s-orthodoxes-de-l%E2%80%99abitibi-et-de-rawdon-qu%C3%A9bec Les communautés orthodoxes de l’Abitibi et de Rawdon (Québec)]  

[https://www.pagesorthodoxes.net/ Pages Orthodoxes web-site]  

[https://grandquebec.com/abitibi-temiscamingue/eglise-russe/ Grand Québec : Abitibi-Temiscamingue/Eglise Russe] 
[https://csegrecorder.com/articles/view/mining-exploration-geophysics-in-quebec-over-50-years-of-innovation Article about mining and geophysics with a biography of Theodore Koulomzine]  

[https://www.geni.com/people/Theodore-Yakovlevich-Koulomzine/6000000027451061493 Genealogy of Theodore Koulomzine] 

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Sophia_S_Koulomzin Biography of Sophia and Nikita Koulomzine] 

[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/121400786/fedor-iakovlevitch-koulomzin Findagrave record for Fedor Iakovlevitch Koulomzin] 

[https://www.reseaumuseal-at.ca/item/eglise-orthodoxe-russe/ Reseau Museal article about the Russian Orthodox Church]  

[https://www.bonjourquebec.com/en-ca/listing/to-see-and-do/eglise-orthodoxe-russe-saint-georges/0ofw Bonjour Quebec article about Saint George Russian Orthodox Church]  

[https://www.musees.qc.ca/en/museums/guide/st.-george-russian-orthodox-church-of-rouyn.html Museums guide : Saint George Russian Orthodox Church of Rouyn]  

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouyn-Noranda Wikipedia article about Rouyn-Noranda]  

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abitibi_gold_belt Wikipedia article about the Abitibi gold belt]  

[https://www-patrimoine--culturel-gouv-qc-ca.translate.goog/rpcq/detail.do?methode=consulter&id=93058&type=bien&_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Government of Quebec : Heritage Site of Saint George Church]  







[[Category:Old Communities]]  [[Category:Quebec]]  [[Category:ADOCA]]  [[Category:ROGCCNA]]  [[Category:OCA]]