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	[[Category:Bishops]] [[Category:MP]] [[Category:ROGCCNA]] [[Category:ADOCA]] [[Category:ROCOR]]		[[Category:Bishops]] [[Category:MP]] [[Category:ROGCCNA]] [[Category:ADOCA]] [[Category:ROCOR]]

Vladyka Seraphim at 17:28, 5 March 2022

2022-03-05T17:28:30Z

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[[File:Archbishop-Jeronim-(Chernov)-of-Detroit-and-Flint-(1878-1957).jpg]]

'''Archbishop Jeronim (Chernov) of Detroit and Flint (1878-1957)'''

Jeronim, or Jerome are English spellings of the Russian Ieronim or the Greek Ieronimos.

Ioann may be spelt John, Ioan, Ivan.

==Early life of Ioann Chernov==

Ioann Chernov was born in 1878, into a family of clergy, in the town of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudogda Sudodga], in the [https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=ru&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https%3a%2f%2fru.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2f%25D0%2592%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25B3%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F Vladimir Governorate], in the [https://www.britannica.com/place/Russian-Empire Russian Empire].

Soon, before he was of school age, the family moved to the city of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir Vladimir]. His father was an official who served as an accountant in the Treasury.

There, under the influence of his "churchly" mother, Ioann was sent to Church schools for his primary and secondary education.

== Higher education==

In 1895, Ioann enrolled in the Vladimir Spiritual Seminary, from which he graduated in 1899 with the title of "student". The rector there was Archimandrite [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=https://drevo-info.ru/articles/14348.html&prev=search&pto=aue Nikon (Sofiiskiy)], and the inspector was Hieromonk [[Metropolitan Evlogiy (Georgievsky) |Evlogiy (Georgievsky)]].

After graduating from the seminary, from 1899 to 1902, Ioann served as a psalm-reader ("psalomshchik"), and he taught the Law of God in the the school of the [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE_(%25D0%259D%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5)&prev=search&pto=aue Malakhovo village] near [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzdal Suzdal].

==Marriage==

At some time during his schooling, or while he was teaching, Ioann was married.

==Ordinations, 1902==

On 28 April, 1902, Ioann Chernov was ordained to the Holy [https://www.orthodoxwiki.org/Deacon Diaconate].

On 2 May, 1902, Deacon Ioann Chernov was ordained to the Holy [https://www.orthodoxwiki.org.Presbyter Priesthood].

==Pastoral service==

From 1902 to 1909, Priest Ioann Chernov served in several different parishes.

==Bereavement, 1902==

In 1902, during the first year of his pastoral service, Priest Ioann Chernov was widowed upon the unexpected repose of his wife. It is not written so, but it was not uncommon (and still occurs) that a woman might not survive child-birth.

==Further education, 1909==

In 1909, under the influence of his relatives (and before 1906, under that of his former rector Bishop Nikon (Sofiisky) of Vladimir), Priest Ioann Chernov enrolled in the [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Moscow_Theological_Academy_and_Seminary Moscow Theological Academy].

==Monastic tonsure, 1912==

On 23 December, 1912 (during the fourth year of his studies), in the Academy Chapel, Priest Ioann Chernov was [https://orthochristian.com/101607.html tonsured] to be a [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Monk monk] by the rector of the Academy, Archimandrite [https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=ru&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https%3a%2f%2fdrevo-info.ru%2farticles%2f19110.html Feodor (Pozdeyevskiy)] and given the name Jeronim (Ieronim, Ieronym).

In 1913, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieromonk Hieromonk] Jeronim (Chernov) received a Candidate of Theology degree from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_Theological_Academy Moscow Theological Academy]. For his thesis, "The Prophet Isaiah and His Time", Hieromonk Jeronim was awarded a monetary grant ; and on the submission of Professor [https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=ru&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https%3a%2f%2fru.m.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2f%25D0%2592%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9%2c_%25D0%2594%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9_%25D0%2598%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587 D I Vvedensky], he was kept as a professor's fellow in the Department of Biblical History, with the right to develop an essay for a master's degree.

In 1914, Hieromonk Jeronim entered the [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Kursk_Root_Hermitage Kursk Monastery of the Sign], at which the holy [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Kursk_Root_icon Kursk-Root Icon of the Mother of God] ("Kursk-Korennaya" Icon) was kept.

On 13 May, 1914, he was assigned to the [http://orthodoxwiki.org/List_of_seminaries_and_theological_schools Kursk Theological Seminary], where he taught Sacred History.

In 1915, Hieromonk Jeronim was unanimously elected to be the inspector at the seminary. He continued in this responsibility until the Kursk Seminary was closed after the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution October Revolution] by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolsheviks Bolsheviks] in 1919.

In 1918, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hegumen Igumen] Jeronim (Chernov) was also assigned to be the Deputy Abbot ("namyestnik") of the Kursk Monastery of the Sign.

Igumen Jeronim was also assigned to serve as Secretary to Bishop [https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=ru&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https%3a%2f%2fru.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2f%25D0%25A4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD_%28%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%29 Theophan (Gavrilov)] of the [https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=ru&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https%3a%2f%2fru.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2f%25D0%259A%25D1%2583%25D1%2580%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25A0%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F Kursk-Oboyansk Diocese].

In 1919, Igumen Jeronim (Chernov) was elevated to the dignity of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimandrite archimandrite].

In 1919, as they came to dominate Russia, the Bolsheviks were actively attacking the Orthodox clergy and destroying church facilities.

In September, 1919, as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_movement White Army] retreated from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kursk Kursk], Bishop Theophan (Gavrilov), along with Archimandrite Jeronim (Chernov) and others, took the Holy [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Kursk_Root_icon Kursk Root Icon] for safekeeping, and they left Kursk for exile. They travelled to the south, to a port on the Black Sea, and then they boarded a ship which took them to [https://www.britannica.com/place/Istanbul Constantinople], and [https://www.britannica.com/place/Thessaloniki Thessalonika].

==Exile, 1920==

In March, 1920, they reached [https://www.britannica.com/place/Serbia Serbia] in ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia Yugoslavia]).

In Yugoslavia, Archimandrite Jeronim was assigned to serve in several communities. He was assigned by [[Saint Mardarije (Uskokovic) |Bishop Mardarije (Uskoković)]] to direct the monastic school at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakovica,_Belgrade Rakovica].

==Palestine, 1923==

On 2 December, 1922, the Provisional Synod of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church ([https://orthodoxwiki.org/Russian_Orthodox_Church_Outside_Russia Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]) assigned Archimandrite Jeronim (Chernov) to serve as the Head of the [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Russian_Ecclesiastical_Mission_in_Jerusalem Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestine Palestine]. He served in this position until 1925, after which he continued to reside in Palestine, where he served in various places belonging to this Mission until 1933.

In 1934, he was recalled to Serbia, from where he would be sent to [https://www.britannica.com/place/North-America North America].

==Transfer to the USA, 1935==

In early 1935, Archimandrite Jeronim (Chernov) was invited to the [https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States USA] by [[Archbishop Vitaly (Maximenko) |Bishop Vitaly (Maximenko)]] of New York.

==Episcopal ordination, 1935==

On 18 August, 1935, at the Exaltation of the Holy Cross Sobor in [https://www.britannica.com/place/Bronx-borough-New-York-City The Bronx], [https://www.britannica.com/place/New-York-City New York City], [https://www.britannica.com/place/New-York-state New York], Archimandrite Jeronim (Chernov) was ordained to the Holy Episcopate by [[Archbishop Vitaly (Maximenko)]] of New York, [[Archbishop Joasaph (Skorodumov) |Bishop Joasaph (Skorodumov)]] of Montreal and Eastern Canada, and [[Patriarch Theodosius VI (Abourjaily) |Metropolitan Theodosius (Abourjaily)]] of Tyre and Sidon.

[[File:Иероним (Чернов) 2.png]] '''Bishop Jeronim'''

==Episcopal service==

Bishop Jeronim (Chernov) was assigned to be the Bishop of [https://www.britannica.com/place/Detroit Detroit] and [https://www.britannica.com/place/Cleveland-Ohio Cleveland].

Later in 1935, the [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Russian_Orthodox_Church_Outside_Russia Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia] (ROCOR) and the North American Archdiocese (the [http://orthodoxcanada.ca/Category:ROGCCNA Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church of North America] (ROGCCNA)) engaged in a period of harmony and unity in their mutual service in North America.

'''Service in Canada, 1936'''

On 4 May, during a period of co-operation between the Russian Diocese of North America ([http://oca.org/ Metropolia]) and the [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Russian_Orthodox_Church_Outside_Russia Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia] (ROCOR), Bishop Jeronim was assigned to be the Bishop of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal Montréal] and Eastern Canada.

[[File:ROCOR Hierarchs of the North American Metropolia, late 1930s S.png]]

'''Bishops of the Metropolia and ROCOR, late 1930s : Vladyka Jeronim standing, centre'''

On 11 October, 1937, Vladyka Jeronim (Chernov) was transferred to the USA, and he was assigned to the Diocese of Detroit and Cleveland (following the retirement of [[Saint Arseny (Chahovtsov) |Bishop Arseny (Chahovtsov)]] and his move to Saint Tikhon's Monastery in Pennsylvania.

In late 1945, Vladika Jeronim travelled to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva Geneva], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland Switzerland], at the invitation of [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Anastasy_(Gribanovsky)_of_Kishinev Metropolitan Anastassy (Gribanovsky)] to participate in the episcopal consecrations of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_bishops_of_the_Russian_Orthodox_Church_Outside_Russia Archimandrite Nafanail (Lvov)] (later Archbishop of Vienna and Austria) and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_bishops_of_the_Russian_Orthodox_Church_Outside_Russia Archimandrite Seraphim (Ivanov)] (later Archbishop of Chicago and Detroit).

At the Great Bishops' Council of the North American Metropolitan District of the Russian Church Abroad in May of 1946, Vladika Jeronim was assigned to serve as the representative of the North American Metropolitan District to the Synod of Bishops of the Russian Church Abroad for a term of one year.

'''Renewal of division between the ROGCCNA and the ROCOR, 1946'''

In November, 1946, Bishop Jeronim (Chernov) participated in the 7th [http://orthodoxwiki.org/All-American_Sobor All-American Sobor] in Cleveland, Ohio. Because of the decisions of this Sobor, the hierarchs of the Metropolia and the ROCOR separated from each other. As a consquence, Archbishop Vitaly (Maximenko), Archbishop Tikhon (Troitsky), Archbishop Joasaph (Skordumov) and Bishop Jeronim (Chernov), who had opposed the proposed resolution at that Sobor, remained within the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia, and they separated from the Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church of North America.

With this separation, the Diocese of Detroit and Cleveland was reduced to 4 parishes. The ROCOR Holy Synod made a re-arrangement of the diocese, and changed the name of the diocese.

Bishop Jeronim (Chernov) was assigned by the ROCOR Synod of Bishops to be the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detroit Detroit] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flint,_Michigan Flint] (both cities being in the State of Michigan).

At the same time, the Holy Synod of the ROCOR elevated Bishop Jeronim (Chernov) to the dignity of archbishop.

From 1950, Archbishop Jeronim (Chernov) was a member of the Holy Synod of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia.

In 1953, Archbishop Jeronim was awarded the right to wear the diamond (they are usually glass) Cross on his klobuk. In the awarding, it was noted that it had been given "for loyalty to the canons".

==Repose, 1957==

On 14 May, 1957, Archbishop Jeronim (Chernov) reposed in Christ in Detroit, Michigan.

— Bishop of Detroit and Cleveland 1935-1936. Preceded by : [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Paul_(Gavrilov)_of_Chicago Bishop Paul (Gavrilov)]. Succeeded by : [[Saint Arseny (Chahovtsov) | Archbishop Arseny (Chahovtsov)]].

— Bishop of Montréal and Eastern Canada 1936-1937. Preceded by : [[Bishop Emmanuel (Abou-Hatab)]]. Succeeded by : [[Bishop Anthony (Tereshchenko)]].

— Bishop of Detroit and Cleveland 1937-1946. Preceded by : [[Archbishop Vitaly (Maximenko)]].

— Archbishop of Detroit and Flint (ROCOR) 1946-1957. Succeeded by : See merged with Chicago.

==Reflections==

After the repose of Vladyka Jeronim, the diocese he had led was merged with the Diocese of Chicago and Cleveland.

==Writings==

• "50th Anniversary of the Bishop's Ministry of the Most Reverend Metropolitan Anastasy, 1906-1956" (New York : Holy Trinity Monastery, Jordanville, 1956).

• "A History of the Russian Church Abroad, 1917-1971" (Washington : Saint Nectarios Press, Seattle, 1972].

• (Ivanov), Archbishop Seraphim, "Odigitria of the Russian Abroad Of The New Indigenous Desert" (New York, 1963).

• [http://www.russian-inok.org/books/motivy.html (Maximenko), Archbishop Vitaly, "Motives of My Life" (New York : Holy Trinity Monastery, Jordanville, 1955)].

• Seide, Fr. Georg, "Geschichle der Russischen Orthodoxen Kirche im Austand von der Grundung bis in die Gegenwart" (Munich : Otto Harassowitz, 1983).

• Tserk. Ved., no. 22 (1914) p. 261 ; no. 43 (1915) p. 494.

• Orthodox Russia, no. 16 (1935) p. 1 ; no. 11/12 (1952) p.30 ; no. 11 (1957) pp. 5-6.

• "Anniversary collection to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Russian Orthodox Church in North America", 2, (New York, 1945) pp. 210-211.

==References==

[http://orthodoxwiki.org/Jeronim_(Chernov)_of_Detroit Orthodoxwiki biography]

[https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=ru&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https%3a%2f%2fru.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2f%25D0%2598%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC_%28%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%29 Russian Wikipedia biography]

[https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=ru&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https%3a%2f%2fdrevo-info.ru%2farticles%2f10576.html Drevo Encyclopaedia biography]

[https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ruwiki/1504311 Dictionary and Encyclopaedia of Academics biography] (in Russian)

[https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=ru&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https%3a%2f%2fwww.pravenc.ru%2ftext%2f293710.html Orthodox Encyclopaedia biography]

[http://www.rocorstudies.org/2009/12/10/archbishop-ieronim-ioann-chernov-of-flint/ ROCORStudies biography]

[http://religion.wikia.com/wiki/Jeronim_(Chernov)_of_Detroit Religionwiki biography]

'''Additional information :'''

Archdiocese of Canada — Orthodox Church in America, “[http://orthodoxcanada.ca/Books The Orthodox Church in Canada : A Chronology]” (Ottawa : Archdiocese of Canada, 1988).

Tarasar, Constance J, ed., "Orthodox America 1794-1976 : Development of The Orthodox Church in America" (Syosset, NY : The Orthodox Church in America Department of History and Archives, 1975). ASIN : B000ZLZAUE.

[http://www.st-sergius.org/Bio/Arch_Ieronim_Bio.html Biography of His Grace Archbishop Ieronim (Chernov) of Detroit 1978-1957]

[https://orthodoxwiki.org/ROCOR_and_OCA Orthodoxwiki article about the ROCOR and the OCA]

[https://oca.org/orthodoxy/the-orthodox-faith/church-history/twentieth-century/orthodoxy-in-america-part-one-from-the-russian-mission-to-the-oca Article about the "Metropolia"]

[https://www.synod.com/synod/indexeng.htm Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia (ROCOR) web-site]

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church_Outside_Russia Orthodoxwiki article about the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]

[http://archbishop-of-ottawa.org/content/canadian-orthodox-church-history-project Canadian Orthodox History Project] no. 19, p. 77.

Please send your suggestions, additions, corrections or contributions to this address :

info@orthodoxcanada.ca

[[Category:Bishops]] [[Category:MP]] [[Category:ROGCCNA]] [[Category:ADOCA]] [[Category:ROCOR]]

Archbishop Jeronim (Chernov) - Revision history

Vladyka Seraphim at 22:48, 2 July 2024

Vladyka Seraphim at 17:28, 5 March 2022