View source for Hampton SK Holy Trinity Ukrainian Orthodox Church and Cemetery 1903



[[File:Hampton Holy Trinity Temple C1 S 1.jpg]]

'''Hampton, Saskatchewan, Holy Trinity Ukrainian Orthodox Church and Cemetery, 1903'''


Bucovina may be spelt Bukovina, Bukovyna.

Hampton is sometimes spelt Hamton. 

The nickname of Holy Trinity Church is  "Palibroda".


==Prehistory==

The early settlers in the Hampton region southeast of [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canora/ Canora] and northwest of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhein,_Saskatchewan Rhein], in east-central [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/saskatchewan/ Saskatchewan], came to [https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada Canada] primarily from the region of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukovina Bucovina] in the [https://www.britannica.com/place/Austria-Hungary Austro-Hungarian Empire].  They were amongst the very many who responded to the enticements by [http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/oleskow_josef_13E.html Dr. Josif Oleskow], and who were supported by the [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/dominion Canadian government].  Before [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/first-world-war-wwi/ World War I], more than 100,000 people from Bucovina and [https://www.britannica.com/place/Galicia-historical-region-Eastern-Europe Galicia] had been established between southeastern [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manitoba/ Manitoba] and northwestern [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/alberta/ Alberta], primarily in the vicinity of the transcontinental [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/grand-trunk-railway-of-canada/ Grand Trunk] (now [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadian-national-railways/ Canadian National]) Railway.  In Saskatchewan, this settlement also included some of the south-central and southwestern regions, nearer to the transcontinental [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadian-pacific-railway/ Canadian Pacific Railway] line.  

This group of immigrants arrived from the area of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitsman Kitsman] near [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernivtsi Chernivtsi] (at that time mostly called Cernăuţi ["Chernaoots"] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_language Romanian]) in the early part of the 20th century, and with great difficulty they began to establish themselves on the land.  The first of the arrivals was Mihailo Kopeshka in 1896.  

At the beginning, as was usual for the [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/homesteading/ homesteaders], he had to construct and live in a [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sod-houses/ sod-house] (also called a “bordey”).  After the initial work was completed, Mihailo had to find the way to haul logs for home construction from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenen,_Saskatchewan Stenen] area, because no trees in the Hampton area were large enough for the purpose.  At first, he (as the others) began with a one-room [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log_house log house] in 1899, and then he expanded the home to several rooms in 1900.

==Establishing the community, 1903==

By 1903, the community had begun to organise themselves for the sake of praying together, although there was not yet a designated place available to do so.  The initial families who began the organisation were :
 the Kopeshka family ; the Kosmich family ; the Mikota family ; the Palibroda family ; the Philipchuk  family ; the Romaniuk family.  

In due course, George (Wasyl?) Palibroda (who may have come from [https://www.britannica.com/place/Transylvania Transylvania]) donated 5 acres of his land for the purpose of establishing an Orthodox cemetery and building an Orthodox Christian Temple.  This land is situated about .5 km (.3 mi) to the east of the townsite.  

For the reason of this donation, the nickname of this Temple and cemetery has been “Palibroda”.

'''Land transfer, 1907'''

Despite the intentions, the donation of the land could not be actualised until 1907, because of the government’s [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/dominion-lands-policy settlement regulations regarding homesteads].  Mr. Palibroda (as other homesteaders) had first to open and farm the required amount of the land for the required number of years, and to construct the required number of buildings.  Then he had to be vouched for by an English person in the region.  This is the main reason for such a delay.  Finally, in 1907, Mr. Palibroda received the title to his property, and the transfer of the 5 acres to the parish was officially recognised and registered. 


[[File:Hampton Palibroda title 20180423 131418 S.jpg]] '''Land Title'''


[[File:Hampton Palibroda transfer 2 20180423 132052 S.jpg]] '''Land Transfer'''


==Construction of the Temple, 1909==

The Temple itself was not constructed until 1909.  

Because of the length of time between the arrival of the homesteaders and the construction of the permanent Temple, there is reason to believe that there existed from the early times a temporary chapel, likely made of sod.  In the local region, it is known that in 1902, there were 5 Temples nearby under construction at the same time, and this community at Hampton was amongst that number.  Despite the regulations regarding registry, the site for the future Temple would very likely have been determined at an early date, because of the need for a cemetery.  
  
When the Temple of the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Holy_Trinity Holy Trinity] was constructed, once again, sufficient logs had to be hauled from the Stenen area.  A stone foundation was required, and then the logs were chinked with mud, and the whole exterior was plastered with mud to make a stucco which was then painted with whitewash.  The overall plan of the Temple was typical of others in the region, in that it was of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica basilica shape] (a rectangle with an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apse apse] at the eastern end).  This Temple’s windows were different from the usual ones in the region.  They were casement windows which opened at the side, instead of being raised vertically.

In later times, wooden [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiplap shiplap] siding was added.   

'''Bell-house'''

A [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfry_(architecture) bell-house] was also constructed in the same manner, and it contained 2 bells.  

'''Services for the parish'''

Whenever there were services, at that time, a priest would usually come from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veregin Veregin] or from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamsack Kamsack].  The people of the Bucovina region were at that time almost all Orthodox Christians, and this is reflected in the architecture of the Temple that was constructed.

It is not known under what conditions it was the case, but in the early days, it seems that the Orthodox Christians shared this Temple with the Ukrainian Catholics in some way.  This arrangement later came to an end.  There were some homesteaders in the region who had come from Galicia, and who were also [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Eastern_Catholic_Churches Ukrainian Catholics].  Alternatively, if it were true that Mr. Palibroda had come to Canada from Transylvania, then this region has a significant number of [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Greek-Catholic-church Greek Catholics], and that could be a part of the explanation.  For very many years, it was the [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/74374526/john-peter-mandziuk Archpriest John Mandziuk] who served this community, and many others nearby.  

'''Association with the village-site'''

After some time, the Hampton Hall came to be identified with the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Holy_Trinity Holy Trinity] Temple, although it was not on the same property.  

In the village itself, there came to be 5 stores, and 4 [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/grain-elevators/ grain-elevators].  That there were 4 such elevators suggested local prosperity.  The village had a lumber yard, a post-office, 2 or 4 grocery stores, a dance-hall, a pool-hall, a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway Canadian National Railway] (CNR) station, and a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockyard stockyard] (for transporting cattle by railway).  

'''Rural depopulation from the 1930s'''

However, with the increase in mechanisation and the aftermath of [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/second-world-war-wwii/ World War II], the population of the countryside was [http://scaa.usask.ca/gallery/kids/depopulation/en_section5.php steadily declining], already from the 1930s.  There was also the consolidation of farms into larger and larger operations.  Slowly, the populations attending services in the rural Temples also began to decline.  This trend has continued at a steadily increasing rate until the present, although there are signs of some possible changes.

==Decline and closure, 1975==

For the Holy Trinity Temple, the departure of people in the surrounding region reduced the number of people who were attending services in this Temple to such a degree that neither the services nor the maintenance of the Temple itself could be supported.  

The last service to be offered in this Temple was on the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Pentecost Feast of Pentecost] in 1975.  It was served by [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/74374526/john-peter-mandziuk Father John P Mandziuk].  


[[File:ArchpriestJohnP Mandzuiuk edited 3.jpg]]  '''Archpriest John P Mandziuk'''


At some time afterwards, the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/iconography icons], the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Liturgical_objects liturgical objects] and the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Liturgical_books liturgical books] were removed from the Temple, and they were entrusted to the [http://www.tourismsaskatchewan.com/search-results/102370/canora-ukrainian-heritage-museum-inc Ukrainian Heritage Museum] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canora,_Saskatchewan  Canora], about 26 km (16 mi) distant.  

It is uncertain whether the records of the community were sent to the  [http://travelingluck.com/North+America/Canada/Saskatchewan/_5889220_Badgerville.html Badgerville] Reserve or to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Pelly Fort Pelly].  

'''Removal of the Temple and bell-house, 2008'''

With time, the condition of the buildings had deteriorated to a dangerous condition, and some local youth were using them for a shelter for drinking-parties.  Thus, the decision was taken that the structures must be razed.  

In 2008, with the blessing of the bishop, suitable prayers were said, and a properly controlled fire was set.  The Temple was helped to collapse in upon itself, and then the remaining ashes were properly buried.  

Only the [https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2548757/holy-trinity-cemetery cemetery] remains.  Amongst other grave-Crosses, it contains the ones which [https://www.geni.com/people/Joseph-Martsinkiw/6000000000633267525 Joseph Martsinkiw] of [https://mapcarta.com/24229040 Donwell] had fashioned for [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/167855787/prokop-nikota Prokop and Anna Nikota], his wife’s parents.  The cemetery continues to receive visits from people who are related to the ones interred there, and there is an annual prayer for the departed with the visit of the priest in charge.  


[[File:Prokop Nikota grave-marker 2.png]]  '''Grave-marker of Prokop Nikota'''


At this time, only the maintenance of the cemetery has continued through the cutting of the grass.  However, there are occasionally incidents in which certain people wish to use the cemetery property as a place to dump things or to repair machinery. 

==Holy Trinity Orthodox Cemetery, 1903==

The [https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2548757/holy-trinity-cemetery cemetery] itself was early established at the present site, which is found at about 51 degrees, 26 ft., 07.6 in. North and 102 degrees, 18 ft., 45.7 in. West (GPS 51.435448, -102.312699).  


[[File:Hampton Holy Trinity cemetery S.jpg]]  '''The cemetery in winter'''


[[File:Hampton Holy Trinity a 2.png]]  '''The cemetery in summer'''

==Particular information==

This cemetery is a part of the [https://www.archdiocese.ca/communities?field_deanery_tid_i18n=4&field_community_type_value_i18n=All&title=  Deanery of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Nunavut], of the [https://www.archdiocese.ca/ Archdiocese of Canada], in [https://oca.org/ The Orthodox Church in America].  The dean is the [https://www.archdiocese.ca/clergy/scratch-priest-gregory Archpriest Gregory Scratch].  The bishop is [[Archbishop Irénée (Rochon)]].  

This parish followed the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar Old (Julian) Calendar], and the observances at the cemetery are on the same calendar.

The Altar Feast-day of the Temple, and now that of the cemetery, is the [https://orthodoxwiki.org/Pentecost Feast of Pentecost] (Descent of the Holy Spirit, Holy Trinity).

In 2022, the priest in charge of the cemetery is the [https://www.archdiocese.ca/clergy/luciuk-archpriest-rodion Archpriest Rodion Luciuk].  


Address :

[https://www.archdiocese.ca/community/holy-trinity-chapel-cemetery-hampton-sk Holy Trinity Orthodox Cemetery]

51.435448, -102.312699 (GPS) in 

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_Municipality_of_Sliding_Hills_No._273 Sliding Hills Rural Municipality], Saskatchewan


Directions :

Drive north from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yorkton Yorkton] about 23 km (about 14 mi) until Highway #650.  Turn right, and drive eastwards for about 9.5 km (6 mi)  (the remains of Hampton are on the left after about 8 km (5 mi).  At the next crossroads, turn left, and drive about .5 km (.3 mi) northwards.  The cemetery is on the right, on a slight rise in the land, at 51 degrees, 26 ft., 07.6 in. North and 102 degrees, 18 ft., 45.7 in. West (GPS 51.435448, -102.312699).   

The mailing address is that of the priest.  

For information, contact the priest.  


[https://www.archdiocese.ca/clergy/luciuk-archpriest-rodion Archpriest Rodion Luciuk]

310 Circlebrooke Drive

Yorkton, Saskatchewan 

S3N 2T1

Telephone : 306-782-2482

E-mail : fatherrod@sasktel.net


==References==

[https://www.archdiocese.ca/community/holy-trinity-chapel-cemetery-hampton-sk Archdiocese listing]

Recollections of Michael Kozushka, John Bodnaryk, John Oystryk, [https://www.archdiocese.ca/clergy/piasta-archpriest-andrew Archpriest Andrew Piasta] (with the assistance of the [https://www.archdiocese.ca/clergy/luciuk-archpriest-rodion Archpriest Rodion Luciuk]).

“[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/The_%E2%80%9CRussian_Mission%E2%80%9D_in_North_America The Russian Mission in North America]”


'''Additional information :'''

[http://www.canadashistory.ca/Explore/Travel/Prairie-icons Demchinsky, Bryan, and Demchinsky, Sterling, ‘Prairie Icons’ in “Canada’s History” (November, 2016)]

[http://www.ukrainianchurchesofcanada.ca/lost-folk-art.pdf Demchinsky, S, "Lost Folk Art in Ukrainian-Canadian Cemeteries"] 

[https://oca.org/parishes/oca-ca-hamhty OCA listing]

[https://roadsidethoughts.com/sk/hampton-profile.htm Roadside Thoughts listing]

[https://www.archdiocese.ca/ Archdiocese of Canada web-site]  

[https://orthodoxwiki.org/Archdiocese_of_Canada Orthodoxwiki article about the Archdiocese of  Canada]   

[https://www.oca.org/ Orthodox Church in America (OCA) web-site]  

[https://orthodoxwiki.org/Orthodox_Church_in_America Orthodoxwiki article about The Orthodox Church in America]   

[https://orthodoxcanada.ca/Saint_Tikhon_(Belavin) Patriarch (Saint) Tikhon (Belavin)] 

[http://orthodoxcanada.ca/Archbishop_(Saint)_Arseny_(Chahovtsov) Archbishop (Saint) Arseny (Chahovtsov)]  

[[Metropolitan Platon (Rozhdestvensky)]] 

[[Metropolitan Theophilus (Pashkovsky)]] 

[[Metropolitan Leonty (Turkevich)]]

[[Metropolitan Ireney (Bekish)]]

[[Metropolitan Theodosius (Lazor)]]

[[Archbishop Alexander (Nemolovsky)]] 

[[Archbishop Evdokim (Meschersky)]]  

[[Archbishop Nikon (de Grève)]] 

[[Archbishop Sylvester (Haruns)]]

[http://orthodoxcanada.ca/Metropolitan_Tikhon_(Mollard) Metropolitan Tikhon (Mollard)]  

[[Archbishop Irénée (Rochon)]]

[https://orthodoxwiki.org/List_of_parishes_in_Saskatchewan_(Canada) Orthodoxwiki List of Parishes in Saskatchewan]

[http://www.ucc.sk.ca/oldsite/pdf/SUHStravelguide.pdf Saskatchewan Ukrainian Historical Society : “Saskatchewan’s Ukrainian Legacy”] 

[https://esask.uregina.ca/entry/ethnic_bloc_settlements.jsp Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan : Ethnic Bloc Settlements]  

[https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2548757/holy-trinity-cemetery Findagrave reference to the Holy Trinity Orthodox Cemetery, Hampton, SK]      

[https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/ukrainian-canadians Canadian Encyclopedia article about Ukrainian Canadians]    

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_diaspora Ukrainian diaspora]    






[[Category:Parish Communities]] [[Category:Saskatchewan]] [[Category:RusM]] [[Category:ROGCCNA]] [[Category:UGOCC]] [[Category:ADOCA]] [[Category:OCA]]